Trademark Attorney Services
for St. Louis, MO
Companies.

St. Louis, Missouri Businesses Use Cohn Legal for Trademark Services

Cohn Legal, PLLC is a boutique trademark law firm that services clients in St. Louis, Missouri, throughout the United States and around the globe. Cohn Legal attorneys operate with the singular goal of acting as your legal consigliere, continuously giving you the best legal advice and strategies to protect your trademarks and intellectual property.

Top Questions St. Louis Businesses Have About Obtaining a Trademark

If I Only Provide My Services in St. Louis, Missouri, Can I Still Obtain a Federal Trademark?

This is an excellent question. Ultimately, to obtain a federal trademark, it must be used in “interstate-commerce” meaning that your services must be provided in at least two States. If you are presently only providing your services in St. Louis, Missouri, we can simply file an Intent to Use application; The intent-to-use application allows the applicant to reserve the right to use the trademark once it is ready to be used in inter-state-commerce.

What is a trademark?

A trademark is a form of intellectual property that represents and distinguishes the source of goods or services in the marketplace. It can be a word, phrase, symbol, design, or a combination of these elements. The primary purpose of a trademark is to identify and differentiate the products or services of one business from those of others, establishing a unique brand identity.

Trademarks play a crucial role in building brand recognition, consumer loyalty, and maintaining a competitive advantage. By registering a trademark, a business gains exclusive rights to use that mark in connection with specific goods or services within a particular geographic area. This prevents others from using a confusingly similar mark in a way that could cause consumer confusion or dilute the distinctiveness of the brand.

To obtain a registered trademark, an applicant must file an application with the appropriate intellectual property office, such as the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in the United States. The application undergoes a thorough examination process to determine if it meets the legal requirements for registration. If approved, the trademark owner receives legal protection and the exclusive right to use the mark in commerce.

It’s important to note that trademarks can be valuable assets for businesses. They can be licensed, assigned, or used as collateral for securing loans. Trademark protection extends to various sectors, including commercial goods, professional services, nonprofit organizations, and even individual personal brands.

Overall, a trademark is a powerful tool for businesses to establish their brand identity, protect their reputation, and prevent others from benefiting from their goodwill and brand recognition. By creating a strong and distinctive trademark, businesses can enhance their visibility, attract customers, and build long-term brand loyalty.

Is there a difference between a trademark and service mark?

While both trademarks and service marks serve the same purpose of distinguishing the source of goods or services, there is a slight distinction between the two. Trademarks are used to identify and protect marks associated with goods, such as physical products or merchandise. On the other hand, service marks are specifically used to identify and protect marks associated with services provided by businesses.

In practical terms, the difference between a trademark and a service mark is related to the type of offerings provided by a business. If your business offers products, such as clothing or electronics, you would typically seek trademark protection for your brand name, logo, or any other identifying mark that appears on those products. On the other hand, if your business offers services, such as legal or consulting services, you would generally seek service mark protection for your brand name, logo, or any other mark associated with those services.

However, it’s important to note that the legal protection and registration process for both trademarks and service marks are generally the same. The application requirements, examination process, and rights granted to the owner are similar in most jurisdictions. In some countries, including the United States, the term “trademark” is often used to refer to both trademarks and service marks collectively.

In summary, while trademarks are typically associated with goods and service marks with services, the underlying concept of protecting brand identity and distinguishing the source of offerings remains the same. Whether you are seeking trademark or service mark protection, it’s essential to understand the specific requirements and processes involved to ensure proper legal protection for your business. Consulting with a trademark attorney can be beneficial in navigating the nuances of trademark and service mark registration and enforcement.

What’s the difference between the ® and TM symbols?

The ® symbol and the TM symbol are both used to indicate trademark ownership, but they convey different meanings and legal implications.

The ® symbol, often referred to as the “registered trademark symbol,” is used to indicate that a trademark is registered with the appropriate intellectual property office. It signifies that the trademark has undergone a formal registration process and has been approved by the relevant authority. Only trademarks that have been officially registered are allowed to use the ® symbol. The ® symbol serves as notice to others that the trademark is protected and that unauthorized use may result in legal consequences.

On the other hand, the TM symbol, which stands for “trademark,” is used to indicate that a person or business claims exclusive rights to a particular mark, but it is not necessarily registered. The TM symbol can be used freely by anyone, whether they have filed for trademark registration or not. It serves as a general notice that the mark is being used as a trademark and that the owner asserts rights to it. The TM symbol does not have any legal significance like the ® symbol, but it can still provide some level of protection and deter potential infringers.

It’s worth noting that the use of the ® symbol when a trademark is not registered is generally not recommended and can potentially be misleading or even subject to penalties in some jurisdictions. It’s important to use the correct symbol based on the registration status of your trademark to avoid any confusion or legal issues.

In summary, the ® symbol is used to indicate a registered trademark, while the TM symbol is used to indicate a claim of trademark rights, whether registered or not. Proper use of these symbols can help inform the public about the ownership and protection status of a trademark, while also deterring potential infringers from unauthorized use. If you have a registered trademark, it’s advisable to use the ® symbol to provide clear notice of your protected rights.

How can I determine if a trademark is available?

Before investing time, effort, and resources into establishing a trademark, it is crucial to determine if the mark is available for use and registration. Here are some steps you can take to assess the availability of a trademark:

1. Preliminary Search: Start by conducting a preliminary search to check if any identical or similar trademarks are already registered or in use. You can perform a search on the trademark databases maintained by the relevant intellectual property office in your country. For example, in the United States, you can search the USPTO’s Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS). This search will help you identify potential conflicts and narrow down your options.
2. Comprehensive Search: If your preliminary search does not reveal any conflicting marks, you may consider conducting a more comprehensive search. This can involve engaging the services of a professional trademark search company or an experienced trademark attorney. They have access to specialized databases and resources to conduct a thorough search, including searching for marks that may not be identical but could still pose a likelihood of confusion.
3. International Search: If you plan to expand your business internationally, it’s advisable to conduct searches in the relevant jurisdictions to ensure your mark is available in those countries as well. Engaging the services of an intellectual property professional with international expertise can help you navigate the complexities of searching and registering trademarks in different countries.
4. Consult with a Trademark Attorney: Consulting with a trademark attorney is highly recommended throughout the trademark clearance process. They can provide valuable guidance, assess the search results, and help you interpret the potential risks associated with using or registering a particular mark. A trademark attorney can also assist you in determining the best strategies to strengthen your trademark and protect it from potential infringements.

Remember, conducting a comprehensive search is essential, as using a trademark that infringes on someone else’s rights can lead to legal disputes, costly litigation, and potential rebranding efforts. By taking proactive steps to assess trademark availability, you can make informed decisions and choose a mark that is distinct and capable of being protected.

Do I need to sell a product or service to obtain a registered trademark?

No, you do not necessarily need to sell a product or service to obtain a registered trademark. In many jurisdictions, including the United States, the requirement for trademark registration is the intent to use the mark in commerce. This means that as long as you have a bona fide intention to use the mark in connection with specific goods or services in the future, you can file a trademark application.

This provision allows businesses to secure trademark rights for their planned products or services even before they are launched or available in the marketplace. It provides a mechanism to protect brand names, logos, or other marks associated with upcoming offerings. However, it’s important to note that you must eventually use the mark in commerce and provide evidence of such use to maintain the registered trademark.

The intent-to-use application process typically involves filing a trademark application with the relevant intellectual property office and paying the required fees. Once the application is approved, you will receive a Notice of Allowance, which indicates that your mark has been allowed for registration, pending the submission of a Statement of Use and evidence of actual use in commerce.

It’s worth mentioning that the timeframe for submitting the Statement of Use varies depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, you generally have a six-month period to submit the Statement of Use. Extensions may be available in certain circumstances, but it’s important to adhere to the specific requirements and deadlines set by the intellectual property office.

In summary, you can obtain a registered trademark by demonstrating a bona fide intent to use the mark in commerce. This allows you to secure trademark rights for planned products or services and provides a level of protection before they are available in the marketplace. However, it is crucial to eventually use the mark in commerce and comply with the requirements set by the intellectual property office to maintain the registered trademark. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help you navigate the intent-to-use application process and ensure compliance with the necessary legal requirements.

If I only provide my services locally, can I still obtain a federal trademark?

Yes, you can still obtain a federal trademark even if you only provide your services locally. In many jurisdictions, including the United States, trademark registration is based on the use of the mark in commerce, rather than the geographical reach of the business. As long as you meet the criteria for trademark registration and can demonstrate the use of your mark in commerce, you can pursue federal trademark protection.

When applying for a federal trademark, you will need to provide evidence of the use of your mark in commerce. In the case of services, this typically involves demonstrating that you are offering and rendering your services in a manner that affects interstate commerce. While your services may primarily be localized, if there is any impact on interstate commerce—for example, through clients or customers located outside your immediate area—you can still qualify for federal trademark protection.

It’s important to note that obtaining a federal trademark provides several benefits, even if your services are primarily local. Federal registration grants you nationwide rights to use the mark and offers stronger legal protection. It establishes a legal presumption of ownership and exclusive rights to use the mark in connection with your specified services throughout the United States. It also allows you to take advantage of the federal court system to enforce your trademark rights and seek remedies for any infringement.

Additionally, even if you currently only offer your services locally, your business may expand or your services may become available outside your immediate area in the future. Having a federal trademark in place ensures that you are protected and can prevent others from using a confusingly similar mark in the broader marketplace.

It’s worth mentioning that the process of obtaining a federal trademark can be complex, and it’s advisable to seek the guidance of a trademark attorney. They can assist you in determining the eligibility of your mark for federal registration and guide you through the application process, ensuring compliance with the specific requirements set by the intellectual property office.

In summary, even if you primarily provide services locally, you can still pursue federal trademark protection as long as you can demonstrate the use of your mark in commerce, including any impact on interstate commerce. Obtaining a federal trademark offers broader rights and legal protection, which can be beneficial if your business expands or your services become available outside your immediate area in the future. Consulting with a trademark attorney will help you navigate the registration process and ensure proper protection for your mark.

What should I register first: the name of my business or my brand logo?

When it comes to trademark registration, it is generally recommended to register both the name of your business and your brand logo, if applicable, to ensure comprehensive protection for your brand identity. The name and logo can each serve as separate trademarks, and registering both provides additional layers of legal protection.

The name of your business, also known as a “word mark,” represents the textual component of your brand. It can be a distinctive business name, slogan, or tagline associated with your products or services. Registering the business name as a trademark helps protect the unique identity and reputation associated with your brand.

On the other hand, a brand logo, also referred to as a “design mark,” consists of a graphical representation or symbol that visually represents your brand. It may include specific colors, shapes, images, or a combination of these elements. Registering the brand logo as a trademark provides protection for the visual identity of your brand, helping to distinguish it from competitors and preventing others from using a similar or confusingly similar logo.

By registering both the name of your business and your brand logo, you secure legal protection for your brand on multiple fronts. This means that others cannot use a similar name or logo that may cause confusion in the marketplace, helping to safeguard your brand’s reputation and prevent potential dilution.

It’s important to note that while registering both the name and logo separately provides comprehensive protection, you can also consider filing a combined application for a “word mark and design mark” if your logo incorporates your business name in a distinctive manner. This can simplify the registration process and provide integrated protection for both elements.

Consulting with a trademark attorney can be beneficial in determining the most effective trademark registration strategy for your specific business and brand. They can assess the distinctiveness and registrability of your name and logo, guide you through the application process, and ensure compliance with the legal requirements set by the intellectual property office.

In summary, it is generally advisable to register both the name of your business and your brand logo as separate trademarks to ensure comprehensive protection for your brand identity. This helps safeguard your unique business name and visual representation, preventing others from using similar marks and protecting your brand’s reputation. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help you navigate the registration process and ensure proper protection for your brand.

Can I protect my trademark by registering it before I start to use it?

If you want to protect a trademark before you start to use it in commerce, then submit an “intent to use” application to the USPTO. If the trademark is allowed, you will have 6 months to provide proof that you are using the mark in commerce. If you are not ready to use the trademark in that period of time, you can submit a request for a 6-month extension. The USPTO allows for up to 5 extensions.

What is a fanciful trademark?

A fanciful trademark, also known as a coined mark or an arbitrary mark, is a type of trademark that is inherently distinctive and typically composed of a made-up or invented word or phrase that has no relation to the goods or services being offered. Fanciful trademarks are considered the strongest and most protectable types of trademarks.

Unlike descriptive or generic terms that directly describe the products or services they represent, fanciful trademarks are unique and have no inherent meaning in relation to the goods or services. These marks are often created specifically to function as a source identifier, allowing consumers to easily recognize and associate the mark with a particular brand.

Fanciful trademarks are highly distinctive because they require consumers to rely solely on the mark itself to identify the source of the goods or services. Since they do not describe any characteristics or qualities of the products or services, they are inherently memorable and easily recognizable in the marketplace. Examples of fanciful trademarks include Xerox, Kodak, and Exxon.

From a legal standpoint, fanciful trademarks are typically afforded the broadest scope of protection. They are considered strong trademarks, as they are less likely to be used by others in the industry or be confused with similar marks. This means that owners of fanciful trademarks have a stronger legal position when it comes to enforcing their exclusive rights and preventing others from using similar marks that may cause consumer confusion.

When considering trademark registration, creating a fanciful mark can be advantageous. However, it’s important to keep in mind that the distinctiveness and protectability of a trademark can vary depending on the jurisdiction. It’s advisable to consult with a trademark attorney who can assess the registrability of your fanciful mark and guide you through the registration process.

In summary, a fanciful trademark is a type of trademark that is made up of an invented word or phrase with no inherent meaning in relation to the goods or services being offered. These marks are highly distinctive and provide strong legal protection. Creating a fanciful mark can help establish a unique brand identity and make it easier for consumers to recognize and associate your mark with your business. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help ensure the registrability and protectability of your fanciful mark.

What is the difference between a fanciful trademark and an arbitrary trademark?

Fanciful trademarks are terms or words that have been created for the sole purpose of acting as a trademark. They have no other meaning than to identify a brand. Exxon, Kleenex, and Pepsi are all examples of fanciful marks.

An arbitrary mark, on the other hand, is a generic term with a common meaning, but that meaning has no relation to the goods or services being sold. Apple as the brand of a technology company is an example of an arbitrary mark.

What is TEAS?

TEAS stands for the Trademark Electronic Application System. It is an online platform provided by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) that allows individuals and businesses to electronically file and manage trademark applications. TEAS offers several different application forms to accommodate various types of trademark filings.

There are three primary types of TEAS application forms:

1. TEAS Plus: This application form offers a lower filing fee compared to other forms but requires strict adherence to specific requirements. To qualify for TEAS Plus, the applicant must meet certain criteria, including providing a complete description of the goods or services, selecting goods or services from pre-approved USPTO listings, and agreeing to communicate electronically with the USPTO throughout the application process.
2. TEAS Reduced Fee (TEAS RF): This form offers a slightly higher filing fee compared to TEAS Plus but provides more flexibility in terms of the goods and services description. While still requiring electronic communication with the USPTO, applicants have more freedom to customize their goods and services descriptions beyond the pre-approved listings.
3. TEAS Regular: This is the standard application form that allows for the most flexibility in terms of goods and services description. It has a higher filing fee compared to TEAS Plus and TEAS RF. The TEAS Regular form also permits applicants to file on a paper basis, if desired, though electronic filing is encouraged.

The TEAS system simplifies the trademark application process by providing an intuitive interface, step-by-step instructions, and real-time data validation to help ensure accurate and complete applications. It also allows applicants to track the status of their applications, respond to office actions, and manage their trademark registrations online.

When filing a trademark application through TEAS, it is important to carefully review and provide accurate information to avoid potential delays or rejections. Consulting with a trademark attorney can be helpful in navigating the TEAS system, ensuring compliance with the application requirements, and maximizing the chances of a successful registration.

In summary, TEAS is the Trademark Electronic Application System provided by the USPTO. It offers online filing and management of trademark applications, providing convenience, efficiency, and real-time tracking. Understanding the different TEAS application forms and their requirements can help applicants choose the most suitable option for their trademark filings.

What is the Official Gazette?

The Official Gazette (OG) is a USPTO publication that’s released every Tuesday and includes information about the latest trademarks that have been approved. Once a trademark is published in the Official Gazette, any individual has 30 days to come forward and oppose the trademark. If no one opposes the trademark, then it is officially registered.

How long does the trademark application process take?

The duration of the trademark application process can vary depending on several factors, including the jurisdiction in which you are filing, the type of application, the complexity of the mark, and any potential issues or oppositions that may arise during the examination process. While it is challenging to provide an exact timeline, here is a general overview of the trademark application process in the United States:

1. Filing the Application: The initial step is filing the trademark application with the USPTO. Once submitted, you will receive an acknowledgment that your application has been received.
2. Examination: The USPTO examines the application to ensure compliance with legal requirements and to assess potential conflicts with existing trademarks. This examination includes a review of the mark’s distinctiveness, any potential likelihood of confusion with existing marks, and adherence to the formal requirements of the application. The examination process typically takes several months.
3. Office Actions: If any issues or objections are raised during the examination, the USPTO will issue an office action, which outlines the concerns or requirements to be addressed. You will have a specified period (usually six months) to respond to the office action and provide the necessary arguments or amendments to overcome the objections.
4. Publication: If the application passes the examination and any office actions, it is published for opposition in the Official Gazette, a weekly publication by the USPTO. During this period, third parties have 30 days to oppose the registration of the mark if they believe it may cause confusion with their existing marks.
5. Registration: If no oppositions are filed or if any oppositions are successfully resolved in your favor, your trademark will proceed to registration. You will need to pay the registration fee, and your mark will be officially registered with the USPTO. You will receive a certificate of registration, granting you rights to the mark.

The entire process from application to registration can take anywhere from several months to a year or more, depending on the factors mentioned earlier. It’s important to note that this timeline is a general estimate and can vary in individual cases. It’s advisable to consult with a trademark attorney to better understand the specific requirements and potential timelines for your trademark application.

In summary, the trademark application process can take several months to a year or more, depending on various factors. Filing an accurate and complete application, responding promptly to any office actions, and addressing potential conflicts or objections can help expedite the process. Consulting with a trademark attorney can provide guidance and help navigate any challenges that may arise during the application process.

How long does a trademark last?

Once a trademark is registered, its duration of protection depends on the jurisdiction in which it is registered. In most countries, including the United States, a trademark can last indefinitely as long as it is properly maintained and renewed.

In the United States, a trademark registration is initially valid for ten years from the date of registration. However, to maintain the registration, the trademark owner must file a Declaration of Continued Use or Excusable Nonuse between the fifth and sixth year after registration. This filing serves as proof that the mark is still in use in commerce. Failure to file this declaration can result in the cancellation of the registration.

After the initial ten-year period, the trademark owner can renew the registration indefinitely by filing the necessary renewal documents with the USPTO. These renewal filings are typically required every ten years to ensure the continued protection of the mark.

It’s important to note that trademark protection is contingent upon the mark being actively used in commerce. Abandonment or non-use of the mark for an extended period can result in the loss of trademark rights. Therefore, it’s crucial for trademark owners to consistently use the mark in connection with the goods or services it represents to maintain the validity of the registration.

It’s also worth mentioning that some jurisdictions, such as the European Union, have different durations for trademark protection. In the European Union, a trademark registration is initially valid for ten years, and it can be renewed indefinitely every ten years upon payment of the renewal fee.

In summary, once a trademark is registered, its duration can last indefinitely as long as it is properly maintained, renewed, and actively used in commerce. In the United States, trademark registrations are initially valid for ten years and can be renewed every ten years thereafter. Consult with a trademark attorney to ensure compliance with the specific renewal requirements in your jurisdiction and to maintain the ongoing protection of your trademark.

Can I use a trademark without registering it?

Yes, you can use a trademark without registering it. Trademark rights are acquired through actual use of the mark in commerce, regardless of whether the mark is registered or not. These are known as common law trademark rights.

By using a trademark in connection with specific goods or services, you establish what is called “common law” rights in the mark. Common law trademark rights provide some level of protection within the geographic area where the mark is used and where it has gained recognition and reputation.

While common law rights can offer some protection, they are generally limited in scope compared to registered trademarks. Registered trademarks provide additional legal benefits and stronger protection, such as nationwide or international recognition, the ability to sue for trademark infringement in federal court, and a legal presumption of ownership and validity.

Registering a trademark provides several advantages. It establishes a public record of your ownership and exclusive rights to the mark, acts as notice to others of your claim, and provides a legal basis for enforcement against potential infringers. Registered trademarks also have the potential to become valuable assets for licensing and franchising opportunities.

If you choose not to register your trademark, it’s still important to use the mark consistently and appropriately to establish and maintain your common law rights. This includes using the mark prominently in connection with your goods or services, properly displaying the ™ symbol to indicate your claim of ownership, and monitoring the marketplace for any potential infringements.

It’s worth noting that while registration is not mandatory, it is highly recommended for businesses seeking comprehensive and enforceable protection for their trademarks. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help you understand the benefits of registration, assess the availability of your mark, and guide you through the registration process.

In summary, you can use a trademark without registering it and acquire common law rights through use. However, registration provides additional legal benefits, nationwide or international recognition, and stronger protection against potential infringers. It’s advisable to consult with a trademark attorney to evaluate the best course of action for your specific trademark and business needs.

When should I hire a trademark lawyer?

Hiring a trademark lawyer can be beneficial at various stages of the trademark process, from the initial research and application to enforcement and protection of your trademark rights. Here are some situations where it is advisable to consider hiring a trademark lawyer:

1. Trademark Clearance: Before adopting and using a new trademark, conducting a comprehensive search is crucial to assess its availability and potential conflicts with existing trademarks. A trademark lawyer can help perform a thorough search, interpret the search results, and provide guidance on the registrability of your proposed mark.
2. Trademark Application: Filing a trademark application requires careful attention to detail and knowledge of the legal requirements. A trademark lawyer can help prepare and file a strong application, ensuring compliance with the necessary formalities, and maximizing the chances of successful registration.
3. Office Actions: If your trademark application receives an office action, which is a response from the trademark examiner outlining objections or requirements, a trademark lawyer can help formulate an appropriate response and navigate the examination process.
4. Opposition Proceedings: If another party opposes your trademark application during the publication phase, a trademark lawyer can help develop a strong defense strategy, gather evidence, and advocate for your rights.
5. Trademark Enforcement: If you encounter potential trademark infringement or unauthorized use of your mark, a trademark lawyer can assess the situation, advise on the best course of action, and help enforce your trademark rights through negotiation, cease and desist letters, or legal action if necessary.
6. Licensing and Assignment: If you wish to license or assign your trademark to others, a trademark lawyer can assist in drafting appropriate agreements, ensuring that your rights are protected and that the licensing or assignment is properly documented.
7. International Trademark Protection: If you plan to expand your business internationally, seeking trademark protection in foreign jurisdictions can be complex. A trademark lawyer with international expertise can guide you through the process, ensuring compliance with each jurisdiction’s requirements.

In summary, hiring a trademark lawyer is recommended when conducting comprehensive trademark searches, filing applications, responding to office actions, handling opposition proceedings, enforcing trademark rights, dealing with licensing and assignment agreements, and pursuing international trademark protection. A trademark lawyer can provide valuable expertise, protect your rights, and increase the likelihood of a successful outcome throughout the trademark process.

How can a trademark attorney help me enforce and maintain my trademark rights?

A trademark attorney can help you monitor and protect your trademark from infringement by other parties. He or she can tell you specifically what to do if you discover other parties are using and infringing your trademark or if other trademark owners claim that you are infringing their trademarks. An attorney can also help ensure that all required registration maintenance documents are timely and accurately filed, so you can maintain your registration for as long as you use your trademark.

Does my attorney need to be licensed to practice law in the United States?

Yes. While US citizens are not required to be represented by a US trademark attorney, if the applicant chooses to be represented by an attorney, it must be a US attorney. Applicants from outside the US MUST be represented by US Attorneys licensed to practice in the US.

What is a trademark’s specimen?

In the context of trademark law, a specimen refers to a sample or example of how the trademark is used in commerce. It serves as evidence to demonstrate how the mark is actually used in connection with the goods or services specified in the trademark application.

A specimen is required during the trademark application process to show that the mark is being used in a manner that associates it with the goods or services. The purpose is to ensure that the mark is not merely an idea or concept but is actually being used as a source identifier in commerce.

The type of specimen required depends on whether the trademark is used in connection with goods or services:

1. Specimen for Goods: If the trademark is used to identify products or physical goods, an acceptable specimen may include labels, tags, packaging, photographs showing the mark directly on the goods, or displays associated with the sale of the goods.
2. Specimen for Services: If the trademark is used to identify services, an acceptable specimen may include advertising materials, brochures, website screenshots, or other materials showing the mark in connection with the provision of the services.

It’s important to note that the specimen submitted with the trademark application must meet certain criteria. It should demonstrate actual use of the mark in commerce, show the mark in a clear and conspicuous manner, and be representative of how the mark is used in the ordinary course of business.

The specimen requirement ensures that trademarks are not registered or maintained for marks that are not actively used in commerce. It helps the trademark office and the public understand the nature of the mark’s use and confirms that the mark functions as a source identifier for the relevant goods or services.

During the examination of a trademark application, the specimen is evaluated by the trademark examiner to confirm that it meets the requirements for registration. If the specimen is deemed acceptable, it supports the registrability of the mark. If the specimen is found deficient, the examiner may issue an office action requesting a proper specimen or additional evidence.

Consulting with a trademark attorney can be beneficial in determining the appropriate specimens to submit with your trademark application and ensuring compliance with the trademark office’s requirements.

In summary, a trademark specimen is a sample or example of how the trademark is used in commerce. It serves as evidence to demonstrate that the mark is being used as a source identifier for the goods or services specified in the application. Proper selection and submission of acceptable specimens are crucial for successful trademark registration.

Can I request an expedited approval of my trademark registration?

Yes, in certain cases, it is possible to request expedited or accelerated processing of a trademark application. However, the availability and criteria for expedited examination can vary depending on the jurisdiction.

In the United States, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) offers a program called the “USPTO Trademark Fast Track.” This program allows applicants to request expedited examination of their trademark applications for an additional fee. To qualify for expedited processing, the applicant must meet specific requirements, such as having a pending lawsuit or an imminent threat of infringement, or demonstrating other compelling reasons for expedited treatment. The USPTO aims to complete examination of fast track applications within approximately two to three months.

It’s important to note that expedited examination programs may have limitations and may not be available for all types of trademark applications. In some cases, the availability of expedited processing may be restricted to specific circumstances, such as applications based on use in commerce or applications with specific goods or services classifications.

It’s advisable to consult with a trademark attorney to determine if your situation qualifies for expedited examination and to understand the specific requirements and procedures set by the intellectual property office in your jurisdiction. They can guide you through the process, help you prepare the necessary documentation, and maximize the chances of obtaining expedited approval for your trademark registration.

It’s worth mentioning that even without requesting expedited processing, the trademark application process can take several months to complete. Planning ahead, conducting thorough research, and filing the application in a timely manner can help minimize delays and ensure a smoother overall process.

In summary, it is possible to request expedited examination of a trademark application in certain cases, depending on the jurisdiction. Programs like the USPTO Trademark Fast Track offer accelerated processing for eligible applications. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help determine if your circumstances qualify for expedited examination and guide you through the necessary steps to request expedited approval of your trademark registration.

Can I trademark a phrase?

Yes, it is possible to trademark a phrase under certain circumstances. In order to successfully register a phrase as a trademark, it must meet the requirements for trademark protection, including distinctiveness and non-generic nature.

Distinctiveness: To qualify for trademark protection, a phrase must be distinctive, meaning it must be unique and capable of identifying the source of goods or services. The phrase should not be merely descriptive of the goods or services it represents. Distinctiveness can be achieved through creativity, uniqueness, or a combination of words that creates a distinctive and memorable phrase.

Non-Generic Nature: A phrase cannot be a common or generic expression used commonly in the industry or by competitors. Generic phrases, such as “Best Coffee” for a coffee shop, are typically not eligible for trademark protection because they do not serve as a unique identifier for a particular brand.

When applying for trademark registration for a phrase, it’s important to provide evidence of use in commerce and demonstrate how the phrase functions as a source identifier. This can include examples such as the phrase appearing on product labels, in advertising materials, or on a website.

It’s important to conduct a thorough search to determine if similar or identical phrases are already registered trademarks or in use in the same industry. This helps assess the availability of the phrase and potential conflicts that may arise during the registration process.

Consulting with a trademark attorney can be beneficial when seeking to register a phrase as a trademark. They can assist in evaluating the distinctiveness and registrability of the phrase, conducting comprehensive searches, preparing the necessary application documents, and navigating the registration process.

In summary, a phrase can be eligible for trademark protection if it meets the requirements of distinctiveness and non-generic nature. Unique and distinctive phrases that serve as source identifiers for goods or services can be registered as trademarks. Consulting with a trademark attorney is recommended to ensure compliance with the legal requirements and maximize the chances of a successful trademark registration.

Can I trademark a logo?

Yes, it is possible to trademark a logo. In fact, logos are commonly registered as trademarks to protect the visual identity and branding of businesses or products. A logo can be a powerful tool for distinguishing your goods or services from those of others in the marketplace.

To successfully register a logo as a trademark, it should meet the requirements for trademark protection, including distinctiveness and non-functionality.

Distinctiveness: A logo must be distinctive and capable of identifying the source of goods or services. It should be unique, creative, and not simply descriptive of the products or services it represents. A distinctive logo helps consumers recognize and associate it with a particular brand.

Non-Functionality: A logo cannot be primarily functional or essential to the nature of the goods or services. For example, if a logo design is dictated solely by the function of the product, it may not be eligible for trademark protection. Trademarks are meant to identify the source of goods or services, rather than protect functional features.

When applying for trademark registration for a logo, it’s important to provide a clear representation of the logo in the application, usually in the form of a digital image. The image should accurately depict the design elements, colors, and any other distinctive features of the logo.

It’s advisable to conduct a comprehensive search to determine if similar or identical logos are already registered trademarks or in use in the same industry. This helps assess the availability of the logo and potential conflicts that may arise during the registration process.

Consulting with a trademark attorney is highly recommended when seeking to register a logo as a trademark. They can evaluate the distinctiveness and registrability of the logo, conduct thorough searches, prepare the necessary application documents, and guide you through the registration process to maximize the chances of a successful trademark registration.

In summary, logos can be registered as trademarks to protect the visual identity and branding of businesses or products. To qualify for trademark protection, a logo should be distinctive and non-functional. Conducting a search and consulting with a trademark attorney can help ensure compliance with the legal requirements and increase the likelihood of a successful trademark registration for your logo.

Can I trademark a color?

Yes, it is possible to trademark a color under certain circumstances, but it can be challenging. Trademarking a color requires meeting a high standard of distinctiveness and demonstrating that the color has acquired secondary meaning, indicating to consumers that the color is associated with a specific brand or source of goods or services.

To successfully register a color as a trademark, you must show that the color has become distinctive through extensive use and promotion in the marketplace. This typically involves providing evidence of long-term and exclusive use of the color in connection with your goods or services, as well as consumer recognition and association of the color with your brand.

Color trademarks are generally considered to be non-traditional trademarks because they deviate from the traditional perception of a trademark as a word, logo, or design. Due to their non-traditional nature, color trademarks face higher scrutiny during the application process and require substantial evidence of acquired distinctiveness.

It’s important to note that not all colors can be trademarked. Generic or commonly used colors associated with a particular industry or product are typically not registrable. Additionally, color trademarks are often limited in scope and may only be protected within a specific context or industry.

Registering a color as a trademark can be complex, and it’s advisable to consult with a trademark attorney who specializes in non-traditional trademarks. They can help evaluate the distinctiveness and registrability of the color, gather the necessary evidence to demonstrate acquired distinctiveness, and guide you through the application process.

In summary, while it is possible to trademark a color, it is a challenging process that requires showing acquired distinctiveness and consumer recognition of the color as associated with your brand. Consulting with a trademark attorney who specializes in non-traditional trademarks is highly recommended to navigate the complexities of color trademark registration and increase the chances of a successful application.

Can I transfer my trademark to someone else?

Yes, it is possible to transfer ownership of a trademark to someone else. Trademark transfers are typically done through a process called trademark assignment. A trademark assignment is a legal document that transfers the ownership rights of a trademark from one party (assignor) to another (assignee).

To transfer your trademark to someone else, you would need to follow these general steps:

1. Draft a Trademark Assignment Agreement: A trademark attorney can assist in preparing a comprehensive assignment agreement that outlines the terms and conditions of the transfer, including the identification of the trademark, the rights being transferred, and any other relevant provisions.
2. Execute the Assignment Agreement: Both the assignor and the assignee must sign the assignment agreement to acknowledge their consent to the transfer of the trademark rights. It is advisable to have the agreement notarized or witnessed to ensure its legal validity.
3. Record the Assignment: Depending on the jurisdiction, it may be necessary to record the assignment with the relevant intellectual property office. This helps ensure that the transfer of ownership is publicly recorded and provides notice to third parties.
4. Update Trademark Records: Notify the intellectual property office and any relevant trademark databases or directories of the change in ownership. This helps maintain accurate records and ensures that the assignee’s contact information is associated with the trademark.

It’s important to note that the specific requirements and procedures for trademark assignments can vary depending on the jurisdiction. Consulting with a trademark attorney is highly recommended to ensure compliance with the legal requirements and to properly execute the assignment.

In summary, you can transfer ownership of your trademark to someone else through a trademark assignment. This involves drafting a trademark assignment agreement, executing the agreement, recording the assignment with the intellectual property office (if required), and updating trademark records. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help ensure a smooth transfer of ownership and compliance with the necessary legal procedures.

Can I license my trademark to others?

Yes, it is possible to license your trademark to others. Trademark licensing allows you, as the trademark owner (licensor), to grant permission to another party (licensee) to use your trademark in connection with specific goods or services, subject to certain terms and conditions outlined in a trademark license agreement.

Licensing your trademark can provide various benefits, such as generating additional revenue, expanding brand exposure, and leveraging the expertise and resources of the licensee in different markets or industries. It allows you to maintain control over your trademark while allowing others to utilize it under agreed-upon conditions.

When licensing your trademark, consider the following key elements:

1. License Agreement: A trademark license agreement is a legal document that defines the rights and responsibilities of both the licensor and the licensee. It outlines the scope of the license, the specific goods or services covered, the duration of the license, quality control provisions, royalty or payment terms, and any other relevant terms and conditions.
2. Quality Control: As the trademark owner, you have a responsibility to maintain the quality and reputation associated with your mark. The license agreement should include provisions that allow you to enforce quality control measures over the licensee’s use of the mark to ensure that it aligns with your brand standards.
3. Territory and Duration: Specify the geographic territory in which the licensee can use the trademark and the duration of the license. This helps define the scope of the license and prevents potential conflicts with your own use or other licensees in different regions.
4. Monitoring and Enforcement: It’s important to have provisions in the license agreement that allow you to monitor the licensee’s use of the mark and take appropriate action if any unauthorized or infringing use is identified.
5. Termination: Include provisions outlining the circumstances under which the license agreement can be terminated, such as breach of contract, failure to meet quality control standards, or expiration of the agreed-upon term.

Consulting with a trademark attorney is highly recommended when drafting a trademark license agreement. They can help ensure that the agreement adequately protects your rights, complies with relevant laws and regulations, and covers all necessary provisions to safeguard your trademark.

In summary, trademark licensing allows you to grant permission to others to use your trademark under specific terms and conditions. It can be a beneficial strategy for revenue generation and expanding brand exposure. A trademark license agreement, drafted with the assistance of a trademark attorney, helps define the rights and responsibilities of both parties and protects your trademark during the licensing process.

If my trademark is registered in the United States, is it protected in other countries as well?

No, a trademark registration in the United States does not automatically provide protection in other countries. Trademark rights are territorial, meaning they are generally limited to the jurisdiction in which the trademark is registered. Therefore, if you want to protect your trademark in other countries, you will need to file separate trademark applications in each desired jurisdiction.

To seek trademark protection in other countries, you have a few options:

1. National Applications: File individual trademark applications directly with the intellectual property offices of the countries where you seek protection. This involves complying with the specific filing requirements and paying the associated fees in each jurisdiction.
2. Regional Applications: In certain regions, such as the European Union, it is possible to file a single application that covers multiple countries within that region. For example, the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) allows for the filing of a European Union Trademark (EUTM) that provides protection in all member states of the EU.
3. International Applications: If your business operates in multiple countries that are members of the Madrid Protocol, you can consider filing an international trademark application through the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). This allows you to seek protection in multiple countries by submitting a single application, simplifying the process to some extent.

It’s important to note that the process and requirements for international trademark applications can vary depending on the jurisdiction and the specific international treaties or agreements involved. Consulting with a trademark attorney with expertise in international trademark law is highly recommended to navigate the complexities and ensure proper protection in the desired countries.

In summary, a trademark registration in the United States does not automatically provide protection in other countries. To protect your trademark internationally, you will need to file separate trademark applications in each desired jurisdiction. The options include national applications, regional applications, or international applications through relevant intellectual property offices or organizations. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help you navigate the international trademark process and ensure proper protection for your trademark in other countries.

Is there such a thing as an “International Trademark”?

While there is no single “International Trademark” that provides worldwide protection, there are mechanisms in place to facilitate the process of seeking trademark protection in multiple countries. The most notable international framework for trademark protection is the Madrid System.

The Madrid System is administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and offers a centralized system for filing and managing international trademark registrations. Under this system, known as the Madrid Protocol, trademark owners can file a single international application designating multiple countries in which they seek protection.

By submitting an international application through the Madrid System, trademark owners can streamline the process and reduce costs associated with filing separate applications in each country. However, it’s important to note that the Madrid System does not provide a unified or automatic trademark registration. Instead, it simplifies the filing procedure and allows for the centralized management of international trademark applications.

When filing an international application through the Madrid System, the application is initially examined by the International Bureau of WIPO. Subsequently, the application is transmitted to the national or regional trademark offices of the countries designated in the application. Each office then conducts its own examination based on its national trademark laws and regulations.

It’s worth noting that while the Madrid System provides a convenient mechanism for seeking trademark protection in multiple countries, it is subject to certain limitations. The registration and protection of the trademark are ultimately determined by the laws and regulations of each designated country. Therefore, it’s important to understand the specific requirements and procedures of each jurisdiction where protection is sought.

In summary, while there is no single “International Trademark” that grants worldwide protection, the Madrid System offers a centralized mechanism for filing and managing international trademark registrations. Through the Madrid System, trademark owners can file a single international application designating multiple countries. However, it’s essential to understand that the registration and protection of the trademark are determined by the laws and regulations of each country. Consulting with a trademark attorney and familiarizing yourself with the requirements of each jurisdiction is crucial when seeking international trademark protection.

What is a trademark office action?

A trademark office action is a written communication issued by the trademark office in response to a trademark application. It notifies the applicant of any issues, objections, or requirements that must be addressed before the application can proceed to registration.

Office actions are typically issued by the trademark examiner responsible for reviewing the application. They serve as an opportunity for the examiner to raise concerns or request additional information or clarification regarding the trademark application.

There are two main types of office actions:

1. Non-Substantive Office Action: This type of office action typically relates to administrative or procedural matters. It may include requests for clarification, corrections of formalities, or additional information about the applicant or the mark. Non-substantive office actions generally do not raise substantive objections to the registrability of the mark itself.
2. Substantive Office Action: This type of office action raises substantive objections or issues with the application. It may involve objections related to the mark’s distinctiveness, likelihood of confusion with existing trademarks, or failure to comply with specific statutory requirements. Substantive office actions require a substantive response from the applicant to overcome the objections and proceed with the registration process.

Office actions provide applicants with an opportunity to address any concerns raised by the trademark examiner. It’s important to carefully review the office action and understand the objections or requirements outlined. Failure to respond to an office action within the specified timeframe or adequately address the issues raised can result in the abandonment or rejection of the trademark application.

When responding to an office action, it is often beneficial to seek the assistance of a trademark attorney. They can help analyze the office action, provide guidance on the best course of action, and prepare a well-structured and persuasive response to overcome any objections or requirements.

In summary, a trademark office action is a written communication issued by the trademark office in response to a trademark application. It highlights any issues, objections, or requirements that must be addressed before the application can proceed to registration. There are non-substantive office actions related to administrative matters and substantive office actions that raise substantive objections. Seeking the assistance of a trademark attorney can help in preparing a thorough response to address the issues raised in the office action.

What should I do if I receive an office action on my trademark application?

Receiving an office action on your trademark application can be a crucial moment in the registration process. It’s important to carefully review the office action and take the appropriate steps to address the objections or requirements outlined. Here are some key steps to consider:

1. Read and Understand the Office Action: Carefully read through the office action to understand the objections or requirements raised by the trademark examiner. Take note of any deadlines for responding and make sure to comply with them.
2. Seek Legal Assistance: Consider consulting with a trademark attorney. They can provide guidance on how to interpret the office action, assess the strength of the objections, and develop a strategy to overcome them. An attorney can also help ensure that your response addresses all necessary points and increases the likelihood of a successful outcome.
3. Evaluate the Objections: Determine the specific objections raised in the office action and evaluate their validity. Understand the reasoning behind the objections and consider whether they can be overcome through appropriate arguments or by providing additional evidence.
4. Prepare a Response: Craft a well-structured and persuasive response to the office action. Address each objection or requirement individually and provide clear and concise arguments or evidence to support your position. It may be necessary to conduct further research or gather additional documentation to strengthen your response.
5. Comply with Formalities: Pay attention to any formalities or procedural requirements outlined in the office action. Ensure that your response includes all necessary information, supporting documents, and any required amendments to the application.
6. Timely Submission: Respond to the office action within the specified timeframe. Failure to respond within the given deadline can result in the abandonment or rejection of your trademark application. If you need additional time, consult with your trademark attorney to explore possible extensions or request additional time from the trademark office if permitted.
7. Submit the Response: Submit your response to the trademark office as instructed in the office action. Keep copies of all correspondence for your records.
8. Follow Up: Monitor the progress of your trademark application after submitting the response. The trademark office may issue a subsequent office action or approve the mark for publication. If necessary, work with your trademark attorney to address any further requirements or objections.

Remember, each office action is unique, and the appropriate response will depend on the specific objections or requirements raised. Seeking the guidance of a trademark attorney is highly recommended to navigate the office action process effectively and increase the chances of a successful outcome for your trademark application.

In summary, carefully review the office action, seek legal assistance, evaluate the objections, prepare a comprehensive response, comply with formalities, submit the response within the given timeframe, and follow up accordingly. Working with a trademark attorney can provide valuable guidance and support throughout the process of responding to an office action.

How do I enforce my trademark rights?

Enforcing your trademark rights is crucial for maintaining the exclusivity and protection of your brand. If you believe that someone is infringing upon your trademark or using a confusingly similar mark, there are several steps you can take to enforce your rights:

1. Gather Evidence: Collect evidence of the infringing use or the unauthorized use of a confusingly similar mark. This may include photographs, advertisements, packaging, website screenshots, or any other materials that demonstrate the infringing activity.
2. Consult with a Trademark Attorney: Seek the advice of a trademark attorney experienced in enforcement matters. They can assess the strength of your case, guide you through the legal process, and recommend the most appropriate course of action.
3. Cease and Desist Letter: A cease and desist letter is a formal communication sent to the infringing party, demanding that they stop using the infringing mark. This letter outlines your rights, provides evidence of the infringement, and requests that they cease the unauthorized use within a specified period. A cease and desist letter can sometimes resolve the matter amicably without the need for litigation.
4. Negotiate or Mediate: In some cases, it may be possible to resolve the dispute through negotiation or mediation. This involves discussions between the parties to reach a mutually acceptable resolution, such as a licensing agreement, coexistence agreement, or a change in the infringing party’s use of the mark. Mediation can be facilitated by a neutral third party to help facilitate the resolution process.
5. Trademark Opposition or Cancellation Proceedings: If the infringing mark is in the process of being registered or has already been registered, you may consider filing an opposition or cancellation proceeding with the relevant trademark office. These proceedings allow you to challenge the registration or seek its cancellation based on grounds such as likelihood of confusion or lack of distinctiveness.
6. Litigation: If all other attempts at resolution fail or if the infringement is significant, litigation may be necessary. This involves filing a trademark infringement lawsuit in a court of law. Litigation can be a complex and time-consuming process, but it provides the opportunity to seek legal remedies, such as injunctions to stop the infringing activity, monetary damages, or other appropriate relief.

Enforcing your trademark rights requires careful consideration and a tailored approach based on the specific circumstances of your case. Consulting with a trademark attorney is highly recommended to ensure that you take the appropriate steps to protect and enforce your trademark effectively.

In summary, to enforce your trademark rights, gather evidence, consult with a trademark attorney, consider sending a cease and desist letter, explore negotiation or mediation, pursue trademark opposition or cancellation proceedings if applicable, and, if necessary, pursue litigation. Consulting with a trademark attorney can help you navigate the enforcement process and protect your trademark rights effectively.

Why Trademark Registration Matters for St. Louis Businesses

St. Louis residents are known for being independent and ambitious. That’s a big reason why business is booming in St. Louis. Each year, new businesses pop up all over this historic city. That’s great news for the local economy, but these young entrepreneurs need to make sure that the trademark their brands as well.

Imagine the following: Daisy, a long-time St. Louis resident has just created what she thinks is the perfect sauce for hot wings. She’s excited to bottle it and sell it through her own website. Phase 2 of her plan is to have it stocked on the shelves of local grocery stores.

The name for Daisy’s product is Searing Hot St. Louis Sauce. She has heard of trademarks, but she decided that was not something she needed to concern herself with. After all, she was just a one-person operation with a single product.

Imagine Daisy’s surprise when after just 3 months of selling her product online she gets a cease-and-desist letter in the mail. Turns out, a larger company had already trademarked the name Searing Hot St. Louis Sauce as a flavor in their complete line of sauces.

Now she has to stop selling her product, update her website, and create new marketing materials, which will be a significant cost. If Daisy had consulted with a trademark attorney right from the start, then she wouldn’t be in this situation.

All businesses, big or small, need appropriate trademark protection.

If you have questions about trademark registration, then contact the attorneys at Cohn Legal for a no-cost trademark consultation.

** Cohn Legal, PLLC is not located in St. Louis and yet it can assist businesses from Missouri in registering a federal Trademark because trademarks are governed under federal law.

Trademarks Services for St. Louis Businesses

• Trademark Search Services
• Trademark Application Filing
• Trademark Infringement Defense
• Trademark a Name
• Trademark a Phrase
• Trademark Cease and Desist Letters
• Trademark Office Action Response
• Trademark Abandonment